Contemporary social and sociological theory, the current socio-economic, political, and ideological context of capitalism, and selected historical phenomena, processes, and events (the Paris Commune, workers’ councils in Yugoslav self-managed socialism, and the protests against austerity measures in 2011) constitute the framework within which the book examines questions of the defense and regeneration of the political, the revolutionary subject, political competences, and the possibilities for the progressive political affirmation of the dominated class.